Social defence

Jørgen Johansen and Brian Martin

Sparsnäs, Sweden: Irene Publishing, 2019

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Phil Bogdonoff, “CBD: a short history,” Civilian Based Defense: News & Opinion, November 1982, pp. 3–5

Anders Boserup and Andrew Mack, War without Weapons: Non-violence in National Defence (London: Frances Pinter, 1974).

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Nick Buxton, “The elephant in Paris—guns and greenhouse gases,” Common Dreams, 13 November 2015.

Howard Clark, “Nonviolent resistance and social defence,” in Gail Chester and Andrew Rigby (eds.), Articles of Peace: Celebrating Fifty Years of Peace News (Bridport, Dorset: Prism, 1986), pp. 49–69

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Giliam de Valk in cooperation with Johan Niezing, Research on Civilian-Based Defence (Amsterdam: SISWO, 1993)

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Jørgen Johansen, Brian Martin and Matt Meyer, “Non-violence versus US imperialism,Economic & Political Weekly, vol. 47, no. 38, 22 September 2012, pp. 82–89.

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Brian Martin, “Revolutionary social defence,” Bulletin of Peace Proposals, vol. 22, no. 1, March 1991, pp. 97–105.

Brian Martin, Social Defence, Social Change (London: Freedom Press, 1993).

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Brian Martin, “Whatever happened to social defence?Social Alternatives, vol.33, no. 4, 2014, pp. 55–60.

Brian Martin and Patrick G. Coy, “Skills, training and activism,” Reflective Practice, vol. 18, no. 4, 2017, pp. 515–525

Brian Martin and Wendy Varney, Nonviolence Speaks: Communicating Against Repression (Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press, 2003)

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Samantha Reis and Brian Martin, “Psychological dynamics of outrage against injustice,” Peace Research: The Canadian Journal of Peace and Conflict Studies, vol. 40, no. 1, 2008, pp. 5–23

Adam Roberts, “Civil resistance to military coups,” Journal of Peace Research, vol. 12, 1975, pp. 19–36.

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Gene Sharp, Civilian-Based Defense: A Post-Military Weapons System (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1990)

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David Smith, “Kunduz hospital attack: US forces did not act on MSF warnings for 17 min,The Guardian, 25 November 2015.

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Charles Tilly, “War making and state making as organized crime,” in Peter B. Evans, Dietrich Rueschemeyer and Theda Skocpol, eds., Bringing the State Back In (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985), pp. 169–191.

John W. Wheeler-Bennett, The Nemesis of Power: The German Army in Politics 1918–1945 (London: Macmillan, 1961), pp. 70–82.



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